FIRE SPRINKLER

A fire sprinkler is an automatic fire protection device designed to detect heat and discharge water to control or extinguish fires at their early stage. It operates individually—meaning only the sprinkler directly exposed to high temperature activates, not the entire system.

Widely used in buildings, ships, offshore facilities, and industrial spaces, fire sprinklers are a critical component of passive and active fire safety systems, helping protect lives, property, and operations.

MAIN COMPONENTS OF A FIRE SPRINKLER HEAD

1. Thread

The threaded portion connects the sprinkler head securely to the piping system. It ensures a tight seal to prevent water leakage under pressure.

2. Plug

The plug seals the waterway inside the sprinkler. It is held in place by the glass bulb and is released once the bulb breaks due to high temperature.

3. Glass Bulb

This is the heat-sensitive element of the sprinkler. It contains a liquid that expands when exposed to rising temperature. Once the rated temperature is reached, the bulb shatters, activating the sprinkler and allowing water to flow.

4. Frame

The frame supports the entire sprinkler assembly. It holds the bulb and plug in position and provides structural strength under water pressure.

5. Deflector

Located at the bottom, the deflector distributes water into a specific spray pattern. This ensures effective water coverage over the protected area.

Operating Temperature Ratings

Sprinklers are color-coded based on their activation temperature, commonly ranging from:
• 57°C (135°F) – Ordinary hazard areas
• 68°C (155°F) – Light hazard / office spaces
• 93°C (200°F) – Intermediate hazard
• 141°C (286°F) and above – High temperature environments