The maritime classification society DNV said future fuel decisions in shipping will depend largely on regulatory developments, industry readiness, and the availability of alternative fuels. The organization noted that clear policies and standards will influence how shipowners choose technologies and fuel options during the transition toward lower-emission operations.

DNV highlighted that the shipping industry is exploring several alternative fuels, including methanol, ammonia, and liquefied natural gas (LNG), as part of efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. However, challenges remain regarding fuel supply, infrastructure development, safety requirements, and the cost difference between conventional and alternative fuels.

The organization said regulatory frameworks will play a major role in providing direction for investments in new vessels, fuel systems, and related technologies. International discussions on shipping emissions measures, including those under the International Maritime Organization (IMO), continue to influence decisions across the maritime sector.

DNV added that cooperation among regulators, shipowners, fuel suppliers, ports, and technology providers will be needed to support the adoption of future fuels. The industry continues to assess different pathways as it works toward meeting global emissions reduction targets while maintaining safe and reliable maritime transport.