Middle East crude oil exports exceeded pre-war levels on four days in late September despite continuing attacks on vessels near the Strait of Hormuz. Provisional data from ship-tracking firm Kpler showed exports reached 19.5 million to 22.5 million barrels per day on September 24 and September 27–29, compared with a pre-war average of 18 million.

The seven-day average stood at 18.5 million barrels per day on October 1. September also recorded the highest monthly number of liquefied natural gas cargoes leaving Hormuz since February. The figures exclude vessels that may have crossed with their tracking transponders switched off.

Meanwhile, maritime intelligence firm Marisks reported at least seven tanker incidents in and around Hormuz. It said the tanker Kazimah III was reportedly struck by an unidentified projectile on October 1, causing a fire. All crew members were reported safe and evacuated, according to the firm.

The United Kingdom Maritime Trade Operations agency has reported attacks in Hormuz or the Gulf of Aden daily since October 2. Marisks warned of increasingly unpredictable threats to merchant vessels as traffic rises, although its assessment of how ships are being targeted remains unconfirmed.